ASTM E176 Standard Terminology of Fire Standards
ASTM E176防火標準的標準術語
DefinitionsTerms and related definitions given in Section 4 are intended for use uniformly and consistently in all fire test standards and in all fire-test-response standards, fire-hazard-assessment standards, and fire-risk-assessment standards in which they appear.
Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
As indicated in Section 4, terms and their definitions are intended to provide a precise understanding and interpretation of fire-test-response standards, fire-hazard-assessment standards, and fire-risk-assessment standards in which they appear.
A specific definition of a given term is applicable to the standard or standards in which the term is described and used.
Different definitions of the same term, appearing respectively in two or more standards, are acceptable provided each one is consistent with and not in conflict with the standard definition for the same term, that is, concept.
Each standard in which a term is used in a manner specially defined (see 1.1 and Section 5) shall list the term and its description under the subheading, Definitions of Terms.
Definitions for some terms associated with fire issues and not included in Terminology E176 are found in ISO 13943. When discrepancies exist, the definition in Terminology E176 shall prevail.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers terms, related definitions, and descriptions of terms used or likely to be used in fire-test-response standards, fire-hazard-assessment standards, and fire-risk-assessment standards. Definitions of terms are special-purpose definitions that are consistent with the standard definitions but are written to ensure that a specific fire-test-response standard, fire-hazard-assessment standard, or fire-risk-assessment standard is properly understood and precisely interpreted.
Note 1—For additional information, refer to ASTM Policy on Fire Standards.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 This fire standard cannot be used to provide quantitative measures.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)
ASTM Standards
C1224 Specification for Reflective Insulation for Building Applications
C1313 Specification for Sheet Radiant Barriers for Building Construction Applications
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
D5865 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E108 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C
E152 Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies
E162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E163 Methods of Fire Tests of Window Assemblies
E603 Guide for Room Fire Experiments
E648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
E814 Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop Systems
E906/E906M Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method
E970 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Exposed Attic Floor Insulation Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E1317 Test Method for Flammability of Marine Surface Finishes
E1321 Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and Flame Spread Properties
E1352 Test Method for Cigarette Ignition Resistance of Mock-Up Upholstered Furniture Assemblies
E1353 Test Methods for Cigarette Ignition Resistance of Components of Upholstered Furniture
E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
E1355 Guide for Evaluating the Predictive Capability of Deterministic Fire Models
E1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or Composites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
E1509 Specification for Room Heaters, Pellet Fuel-Burning Type
E1529 Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Hydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies
E1537 Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furniture
E1590 Test Method for Fire Testing of Mattresses
E1623 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)
E1678 Test Method for Measuring Smoke Toxicity for Use in Fire Hazard Analysis
E1725 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Fire-Resistive Barrier Systems for Electrical System Components
E1740 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate and Other Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Wall Covering or Ceiling Covering Composites Using a Cone Calorimeter
E1776 Guide for Development of Fire-Risk-Assessment Standards
E1822 Test Method for Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
E1966 Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
E1995 Test Method for Measurement of Smoke Obscuration Using a Conical Radiant Source in a Single Closed Chamber, With the Test Specimen Oriented Horizontally
E2010 Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies
E2032 Guide for Extension of Data From Fire Resistance Tests Conducted in Accordance with ASTM E 119
E2058 Test Methods for Measurement of Synthetic Polymer Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
E2061 Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of Rail Transportation Vehicles
E2067 Practice for Full-Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry Fire Tests
E2074 Test Method for Fire Tests of Door Assemblies, Including Positive Pressure Testing of Side-Hinged and Pivoted Swinging Door Assemblies
E2102 Test Method for Measurement of Mass Loss and Ignitability for Screening Purposes Using a Conical Radiant Heater
E2187 Test Method for Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes
E2226 Practice for Application of Hose Stream
E2230 Practice for Thermal Qualification of Type B Packages for Radioactive Material
E2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2257 Test Method for Room Fire Test of Wall and Ceiling Materials and Assemblies
E2280 Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities
E2307 Test Method for Determining Fire Resistance of Perimeter Fire Barriers Using Intermediate-Scale, Multi-story Test Apparatus
E2335 Guide for Laboratory Monitors
E2404 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper or Polymeric (Including Vinyl) Wall or Ceiling Coverings to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2405 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials Using an Intermediate Scale Test with Vertically Oriented Specimen
E2536 Guide for Assessment of Measurement Uncertainty in Fire Tests
E2573 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Site-Fabricated Stretch Systems to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2599 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barrier and Vinyl Stretch Ceiling Materials for Building Applications to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2652 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Tube Furnace with a Cone-shaped Airflow Stabilizer, at 750C
E2653 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine Precision Estimates for a Fire Test Method with Fewer Than Six Participating Laboratories
E2688 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Tapes to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2707 Test Method for Determining Fire Penetration of Exterior Wall Assemblies Using a Direct Flame Impingement Exposure
E2749 Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
C1313 Specification for Sheet Radiant Barriers for Building Construction Applications
D3675 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Flexible Cellular Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
D5865 Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E108 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Roof Coverings
E119 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Building Construction and Materials
E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C
E152 Methods of Fire Tests of Door Assemblies
E162 Test Method for Surface Flammability of Materials Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E163 Methods of Fire Tests of Window Assemblies
E603 Guide for Room Fire Experiments
E648 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Floor-Covering Systems Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E800 Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
E814 Test Method for Fire Tests of Penetration Firestop Systems
E906/E906M Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using a Thermopile Method
E970 Test Method for Critical Radiant Flux of Exposed Attic Floor Insulation Using a Radiant Heat Energy Source
E1317 Test Method for Flammability of Marine Surface Finishes
E1321 Test Method for Determining Material Ignition and Flame Spread Properties
E1352 Test Method for Cigarette Ignition Resistance of Mock-Up Upholstered Furniture Assemblies
E1353 Test Methods for Cigarette Ignition Resistance of Components of Upholstered Furniture
E1354 Test Method for Heat and Visible Smoke Release Rates for Materials and Products Using an Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
E1355 Guide for Evaluating the Predictive Capability of Deterministic Fire Models
E1474 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate of Upholstered Furniture and Mattress Components or Composites Using a Bench Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimeter
E1509 Specification for Room Heaters, Pellet Fuel-Burning Type
E1529 Test Methods for Determining Effects of Large Hydrocarbon Pool Fires on Structural Members and Assemblies
E1537 Test Method for Fire Testing of Upholstered Furniture
E1590 Test Method for Fire Testing of Mattresses
E1623 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials, Products, and Systems Using an Intermediate Scale Calorimeter (ICAL)
E1678 Test Method for Measuring Smoke Toxicity for Use in Fire Hazard Analysis
E1725 Test Methods for Fire Tests of Fire-Resistive Barrier Systems for Electrical System Components
E1740 Test Method for Determining the Heat Release Rate and Other Fire-Test-Response Characteristics of Wall Covering or Ceiling Covering Composites Using a Cone Calorimeter
E1776 Guide for Development of Fire-Risk-Assessment Standards
E1822 Test Method for Fire Testing of Stacked Chairs
E1966 Test Method for Fire-Resistive Joint Systems
E1995 Test Method for Measurement of Smoke Obscuration Using a Conical Radiant Source in a Single Closed Chamber, With the Test Specimen Oriented Horizontally
E2010 Test Method for Positive Pressure Fire Tests of Window Assemblies
E2032 Guide for Extension of Data From Fire Resistance Tests Conducted in Accordance with ASTM E 119
E2058 Test Methods for Measurement of Synthetic Polymer Material Flammability Using a Fire Propagation Apparatus (FPA)
E2061 Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of Rail Transportation Vehicles
E2067 Practice for Full-Scale Oxygen Consumption Calorimetry Fire Tests
E2074 Test Method for Fire Tests of Door Assemblies, Including Positive Pressure Testing of Side-Hinged and Pivoted Swinging Door Assemblies
E2102 Test Method for Measurement of Mass Loss and Ignitability for Screening Purposes Using a Conical Radiant Heater
E2187 Test Method for Measuring the Ignition Strength of Cigarettes
E2226 Practice for Application of Hose Stream
E2230 Practice for Thermal Qualification of Type B Packages for Radioactive Material
E2231 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2257 Test Method for Room Fire Test of Wall and Ceiling Materials and Assemblies
E2280 Guide for Fire Hazard Assessment of the Effect of Upholstered Seating Furniture Within Patient Rooms of Health Care Facilities
E2307 Test Method for Determining Fire Resistance of Perimeter Fire Barriers Using Intermediate-Scale, Multi-story Test Apparatus
E2335 Guide for Laboratory Monitors
E2404 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Textile, Paper or Polymeric (Including Vinyl) Wall or Ceiling Coverings to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2405 Test Method for Determination of Fire and Thermal Parameters of Materials Using an Intermediate Scale Test with Vertically Oriented Specimen
E2536 Guide for Assessment of Measurement Uncertainty in Fire Tests
E2573 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Site-Fabricated Stretch Systems to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2599 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Barrier and Vinyl Stretch Ceiling Materials for Building Applications to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2652 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Tube Furnace with a Cone-shaped Airflow Stabilizer, at 750C
E2653 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine Precision Estimates for a Fire Test Method with Fewer Than Six Participating Laboratories
E2688 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Tapes to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics
E2707 Test Method for Determining Fire Penetration of Exterior Wall Assemblies Using a Direct Flame Impingement Exposure
E2749 Practice for Measuring the Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Test Specimens
ISO Standards
ISO13943, Fire Safety-Vocabular
Index Terms
Fire testing--building materials; Flash point; Flammability; Heating tests; Ignition--building materials; Smoke analysis; Temperature tests; Terminology; Terminology--building materials/applications;
