NFPA 160 Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an Audience
NFPA 160 觀眾前火焰的特殊影響
This standard shall provide requirements for the protection of property, operators, performers, support personnel, and the viewing audiences where flame effects are used indoors or outdoors. The purpose of this standard shall be to provide minimum requirements to the operators and manufacturers for the safe operation of flame effects.
(1) Use of indoor and outdoor flame effects before an audience (see
(2) Design, fabrication, installation, testing, control, operation, and maintenance of equipment, materials, procedures, and systems used to produce flame effects
(3) Rehearsal, videotaping, audiotaping, or filming of any television, radio, or movie production if such production is before an audience and includes the use of flame effects
(4) Rehearsal of any production incorporating flame effects before an audience.
(1) Flame effects produced solely by pyrotechnic special effects devices
(2)* Use of pyrotechnic special effects
(3)* Storage of flammable solids, liquids, and gases
(4) Manufacture, off-site storage, and transportation of materials and equipment used to produce flame effects
(5) Use of flame effects in fire training Exception Where there is an audience that is not part of the training, this standard shall apply.
(6)* Manufacture, transportation, storage, sale, or use of model or high-power rocket motors
(7) Traditional nontheatrical public display of flames such as the following a. Use of lighted candles in restaurants or religious services b. Fireplaces in areas open to the public c. Restaurant cooking visible to the patrons d. Listed Group II flame effects
(8) Use of consumer fireworks by the public (9) Use of motor vehicles in races or sanctioned competitive sporting events.
Keep pace with changes in the 2011 NFPA 160 Standard for the Use of Flame Effects Before an Audience so flame special effects won't pose threats to life and property.
The 2011 NFPA 160 Standard for the Flame Effects Before an Audience provides the latest requirements for the protection of the audience, support personnel, performers, the operator, assistants, and property where flame effects are used. Criteria apply to all aspects, including design, fabrication, installation, testing, control, operation, and maintenance.
This standard improves safety with the following revisions and additions
· Amended the application section to clarify that NFPA 140 applies to use of flame effects when no audience is present in motion picture filming venues
· Updated definitions to correlate both special effects documents, including adding definition for performer and support personnel
· Requirements for developing and approving flame effects plan have been included
· Modified basis for establishing separation distance requirements to utilize a test method that is more practical for use in the field
Formatting changes facilitate ease of use and enhance comprehension for flame effect operators, special effects operators, venue managers, and enforcing officials. (Softbound, 23 pp., 2011)
