ASTM D4858 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Tendency of Lubricants to Promote Preignition in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines
ASTM D4858測定潤滑油對改進二沖程循環汽油發動機預燃傾向的標準試驗方法
Two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines are generally more prone to preignition than are four-stroke-cycle engines due to the absence of the internal cooling that takes place during the induction stroke of the four-stroke-cycle engines. Preignition can lead to major piston damage, either directly due to localized overheating or as the result of preignition-induced detonation. Some lubricant additives that are widely used in four-stroke-cycle gasoline engine oils are known to increase the probability of preignition in gasoline two-stroke-cycle engines. This procedure is used to determine the tendency of an oil to induce preignition in both water-cooled and air-cooled two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method evaluates the performance of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines which are prone to preignition.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately
ASTM Standards
B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar
D439 Specification for Automotive Gasoline
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D910 Specification for Aviation Gasolines
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 and 100C
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2885 Test Method for Determination of Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels by On-Line Direct Comparison Technique
D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
D4857 Test Method for Determination of the Ability of Lubricants to Minimize Ring Sticking and Piston Deposits in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines Other Than Outboards
D4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
D439 Specification for Automotive Gasoline
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D910 Specification for Aviation Gasolines
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 and 100C
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2885 Test Method for Determination of Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels by On-Line Direct Comparison Technique
D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
D4857 Test Method for Determination of the Ability of Lubricants to Minimize Ring Sticking and Piston Deposits in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines Other Than Outboards
D4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
ANSI Standard
ANSIMC96.1 American National Standard for Temperature Measurement Thermocouples
Index Terms
air-cooled; lubricant; preignition; two-cycle gasoline engine; Air-cooled gasoline engines; Combustion chamber; Dynamometer testing; Gasoline; Heating tests--petroleum products; Ignition--petroleum products; Lubricants (fluid); Lubricating oils; Performance--petroleum products/applications; Preignition; Spark plugs; Temperature tests--petroleum products; Thermocouples; Two-stroke-cycle engines; Water-cooled gasoline engines; Yamaha CE-50S test engine;
