ASTM D5837 Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High- Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
ASTM D5837用高效液相色譜法(HPLC)測試電絕緣液中呋喃化合物標準試驗方法
Furanic compounds are generated by the degradation of cellulosic materials used in the solid insulation systems of electrical equipment.
Furanic compounds which are oil soluble to an appreciable degree will migrate into the insulating liquid.
High concentrations or unusual increases in the concentrations of furanic compounds in oil may indicate cellulose degradation from aging or incipient fault conditions. Testing for furanic compounds may be used to complement dissolved gas in oil analysis as performed in accordance with Test Method D 3612.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the determination in electrical insulating liquids of products of the degradation of cellulosic materials such as paper, pressboard, and cotton materials typically found as insulating materials in electrical equipment. These degradation products are substituted furan derivatives, commonly referred to as furanic compounds or furans. This test method allows either liquid/liquid or solid phase extraction (SPE) of the furanic compounds from the sample matrix followed by analysis for specific furanic compounds by HPLC or direct injection for analysis of specific furanic compounds by HPLC.
1.2 The individual furanic compounds that may be identified and quantified include the following:
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5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde
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furfuryl alcohol
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2-furaldehyde
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2-acetylfuran
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5-methyl-2-furaldehyde
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1.3 The direct injection method generally has a higher limit of detection, especially for furfuryl alcohol. Greater interference for furfuryl alcohol may be expected when using the direct injection method as opposed to extraction methods.
1.4 This test method has been used to successfully test for furanic compounds in mineral insulating oil, silicone fluid, high fire point electrical insulating oils of mineral origin, askarels, and perchloroethylene based dielectric fluids.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)
ASTM Standards
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
D3612 Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography
D3613 Practice for Sampling Insulating Liquids for Gas Analysis and Determination of Water Content
D3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used in Electrical Apparatus
D3612 Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography
D3613 Practice for Sampling Insulating Liquids for Gas Analysis and Determination of Water Content
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) Standard
Method1198 Furanic Compounds Analysis in Mineral Oil Insulating Oil
Index Terms
direct injection; furaldehyde; furanoid; furans; furanic; furfuraldehyde; furfuryl alcohol; furfurylfurfurol; furyl; furfural; HPLC; liquid/liquid extraction; solid-phase extraction; SPE; 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde; 2-furaldehyde; 2-acetylfuran; 5-methyl-2-furaldehyde
