ASTM D7151 Standard Test Method for Determination of Elements in Insulating Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
ASTM D7151用感應耦合等離子體發射光譜法(ICP-AES)測定絕緣油中元素的標準試驗方法
This test method covers the rapid determination of 12 elements in insulating oils, and it provides rapid screening of used oils for indications of wear. Test times approximate several minutes per test specimen, and detectability is in the 10-100 μg/kg range.
This test method can be used to monitor equipment condition and help to define when corrective action is needed. It can also be used to detect contamination such as from silicone fluids (via Silicon) or from dirt (via Silicon and Aluminum).
This test method can be used to indicate the efficiency of reclaiming used insulating oil.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes the determination of metals and contaminants in insulating oils by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). The specific elements are listed in Table 1. This test method is similar to Test Method D 5185, but differs in methodology, which results in the greater sensitivity required for insulating oil applications.
1.2 This test method uses oil-soluble metals for calibration and does not purport to quantitatively determine insoluble particulates. Analytical results are particle size dependent, and low results are obtained for particles larger than several micrometers.
1.3 This test method determines the dissolved metals (which may originate from overheating) and a portion of the particulate metals (which generally originate from a wear mechanism). While this ICP method detects nearly all particles less than several micrometers, the response of larger particles decreases with increasing particle size because larger particles are less likely to make it through the nebulizer and into the sample excitation zone.
1.4 This test method includes an option for filtering the oil sample for those users who wish to separately determine dissolved metals and particulate metals (and hence, total metals).
1.5 Elements present at concentrations above the upper limit of the calibration curves can be determined with additional, appropriate dilutions and with no degradation of precision.
1.6 The values stated in SI (metric) units are to be regarded as the standard. The inch-pound units given in parentheses are for information only.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)
ASTM Standards
C1109 Practice for Analysis of Aqueous Leachates from Nuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Products by Karl Fischer Reagent
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D1744 Test Method for Water in Liquid Petroleum Products by Karl Fischer Reagent
D2864 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D5185 Test Method for Determination of Additive Elements, Wear Metals, and Contaminants in Used Lubricating Oils and Determination of Selected Elements in Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
Index Terms
aluminum; cadmium; copper; emission-spectrometry; ICP; inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry; insulating fluid; iron; lead; silicon; silver; sodium; tin; transformer oil; tungsten; wear metals; zinc
